Tag: temperature

relative time clarified.

regardless of the form of energy pumped into a system, be it gravity or heat, more time is created, thus from local point of view (in the system) time speeds up (regardless of not being noticed from inside the system about the system, when there’s nothing outside to compare with). the outside system’s life lags behind, like you’re moving at high velocity, and for outside observer, in which system there’s less time available, the observed high gravity (or high temperature) system’s time goes faster. the high energy density system has spent more time when counted at the meeting point of the two observers where time equalizes.

just imagine that time is like a flow of points: 

more time in the system: ……………….. 

less time in the system: . . . . . . . . . .  

in this sense “more time” doesn’t mean time is streched but in contrary to that — time is compressed, more time is squeezed into the local space, into the area of the system with high energy density. thus for yet another (third) observer, with whatever time density, the person in the “more time in the system” (more energy: heat, gravity) has aged more rapidly in comparison between the first two, when meeting at the point where two time flows have equalized.

thus i was correct that physics textbooks have an error in it. traveler at close to speed of light, with acceleration and deceleration pumping up gravity, increases local time, with that for outside observer in outside timeframe the traveler has passed more time, aging faster.. and is not arriving in the future (this is a fundamental error in reasoning, in the physics textbooks). the traveler had simply aged more than it would had happened by moving slowly. this makes way more sense than the commonly accepted description by physicists trying to describe time travel. there’s no such thing as time travel — you will always arrive to the same time flow where you left off (in the new point in time where the local time has arrived to), but you have aged faster at high energy densities, which also means at high time densities.

again, as i have mentioned in my earlier writings, everyday examples only prove my reasoning: we refrigerate food in order to preserve it, slowing its local time. even people are being frozen these days (cryonics), to wake them up in the future, to cure them from deadly conditions not curable today. one cannot travel to the future or to the past [sending data as quantum states may be possible, but not objects with a mass], only to speed up or to slow down local time. time flows like a fluid, like heat. there’s no doubt in my mind anymore that time is not constant but a flexible unit, we are just so used to the physical facts around us that we don’t realize how time flows at different rates in objects around us, depending how much energy is in them. perhaps heat (the temperature above absolute zero) is the very thing that we call time.. but that may be a leap too far in my thinking. definitely temperature and time are correlated.

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please note that these results are based on general thought experiments, not on precise calculations. there’s a physical limit to how much i can take on in my life.. at this point in time i have other priorities. to make precise calculations i will need to revisit the truths of mathematics and physics, not to make any mistakes. i leave making of precise calulations to professionals in physics and mathematics.

absolute zero is also the limit of time.

while my reasoning is definitely not complete and i must learn a lot about reality of physics for every part in my arguments, here’s another speculation (read previous posts): you could go back in time only if you could create negative temperature, below absolute zero. so far even truly absolute zero has never been achieved — there are still above zero energy fluctuations left on lowest level of temperature. in my view this is so because you cannot stop time, not to mention about going back in time. the temperature and time relation still holds in my mind, but as i said i’ve got still a lot to learn. i’m not a trained physicist, just an engineer by education. unfortunately i can’t learn everything at once, thus some parts in my reasoning remain often just educated guesses rather than facts based on known science.. known to someone else but for me yet to learn.

energy creates time.

the more energy is pumped into a system the more time is created, therefore the relative slowing of time during acceleration and deceleration close to speed of light, which creates local gravity, which in turn increases time, which creates the sense like time is slowing down but in fact just more time is created. perhaps not a news but i wrote it up to think further about the relation of temperature and time, another day.

reference to my previous post on relation of temperature and time.

the relation of temperature and time.

if entropy is the measure of time (i’m not sure but seems plausible) and the change in temperature changes the rate of entropy, then temperature change also changes the speed at which time flows at any given location. thus time is not flowing at constant speed. close to speed of light time slows down significantly as it is well known.. but even at local level molecules of heated materials speed up quite a lot, which is a paradox because time should slow down, not speed up which is what happens with the physical processes in heated materials. at absolute zero time should stop.. which is not the case, thus my reasoning may have a flow in it — maybe temperature change does not change the flow of time. but perhaps it is not a paradox: if time slows down in heated materials it is slowing for fast moving molecules, while for outside observer the time goes faster compared to the local time in heated up materials. i’ve come to these thoughts again and again over many years and i’ve written about this in my different blogs several times years ago.. and it is still bothering me from time to time.

there’s also a possibility that the slowing of time has been described fundamentally wrong as someone made an error in the thought experiment and the error carried on in physics textbooks with no-one daring to address the error. you see, if you move at high velocity everything flies past you at high speed.. same to the outside observer watching the speeding object, thus the relativity principle is preserved. or if the clocks are ticking at different rate you must admit the existence of ether, about which i argued with physics teachers already when i was perhaps in 5th grade or so. it has never made me sense why in absence of ether one clock should slow down at high velocity between observers while both reference points are equal.. in this case the relativity principle is lost. thus i always argued that existence of ether is proven to me by the very principle of slowing time at high velocity — the reference to the motion of time is not another observer with equal result regardless of from which side to look, but the ether. the error though is in how it’s described — the traveler at high speed should age faster in reference to those not speeding. in this case the fact that in heated up materials, where molecules move at much higher velocity, have also higher rate of entropy, makes sense — the time in the heated materials goes faster compared to the time of observer. the time is relative even in our everyday actions — this is why we refrigerate food for it to last longer, to preserve it, to slow down its rate of aging.

ps. by now i’m a bit smarter and have an understanding that slowing of time is not due to speed but due to gravity, while the speed only plays role during acceleration and deceleration, which creates local gravity, which in turn slows down the time. if one moves with high velocity at constant rate the time is equal for both observers, thus the relativity principle is preserved. but the heating process, accelerating of molecules, still bothers me — it should change the rate of time locally, relative to observers. bouncing molecules decelerate fast while accelerating other molecules, which process creates local gravity, which in turn slows down time.. or speeds up from reference point of an outside observer.

[it’s two o’clock at night here in italy.. i woke up about an hour ago and can’t sleep on this question, again.. so i had to write it all up fast to get some rest. therefore, any errors allowed]

Prosthetic hands capable to sense heat, humidity and pressure.

[Article from 2014, learned about it now]. Prosthetic limbs that can be controlled by an amputee’s thoughts or muscle movements already exist. But what if they could also sense the environment and then send that information back to the amputee’s nervous system? In order to create prosthetics that can function more like real body parts, scientists are designing artificial skins that pick up on tactile information. So far, these skins have gotten very good at sensing pressure—in fact, a skin designed by Stanford engineers is 1,000 times more sensitive than human skin. Another is self-healing. But a new skin built by researchers in South Korea may be the smartest artificial skin yet. It’s stretchy, like real skin, and it can sense pressure, temperature, and humidity. It even has a built-in heater so it feels like living tissue. The researchers tested the artificial skin on a prosthetic hand, and they hope that some day, it will interface with a patient’s nerves so amputees can feel everything the fake skin feels.

Read the full article.. www.popsci.com/artificial-skin-can-distinguish-between-wet-and-dry-diapers

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Physicists demonstrate existence of two states of liquid water.

Dr. Maestro and her colleagues from Spain and Mexico have looked closely at a variety of physical properties of liquid water, including thermal conductivity, proton spin-lattice relaxation time, refractive index, conductivity, surface tension and the piezo-optical coefficient. They have found that these phenomena seem to flip between two particular characters at around 50 degrees Celsius, give or take 10 degrees, i.e. from 40 to 60 degrees Celsius.

“With the exception of piezo-optical coefficients, we observe a bilinear dependence defining a crossover temperature: approximately 64 degrees Celsius for thermal conductivity, about 50 degrees Celsius for proton spin-lattice relaxation time, 50 degrees Celsius for refractive index, about 53 degrees Celsius for conductivity, and 57 degrees Celsius for surface tension,” the scientists explained. “These results confirm that in the 0-100 degrees Celsius range liquid water presents a crossover temperature in many of its properties close to 50 degrees Celsius.” Other properties of liquid water also show variations in this temperature range.

Read the full article.. www.sci-news.com/physics/two-states-liquid-water-04359.html

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